| After analyzing a large amount of data for marine territory, marine resources and marine environment, marine development and utilization should be rationally distributed and arranged according to specific conditions of marine resources, marine environment and the social demand at the certain period. For the goal of "Rational Distribution and Scientific Arrangement", we should guarantee rapid development of key marine industries, and at the same time pay attention to the common industries, take into account of not only long-term and comprehensive interests but also short-term and partial interests, integrate economic, social and ecological benefits, all of these increase the necessity of functional area dividing. |
Marine Functional Zone Dividing "Marine Functional Zone" is the area aiming at the rational development and exploitation of resources, exerting the best benefit according to natural resources, environmental status and geological location, and with consideration of the prevailing status of Marine Development and demand for economic development. 1. Principles for Marine Functional Zone Dividing: a. Three-benefit Integrated Principle Marine Development is a kind of human demand from the sea, which shows that economic value and social benefit should be exerted from it. When we ask for the benefit from the sea, the concrete situations of different areas should be taken into account in order to coordinating the environmental capacity with the endurance and achieving the conformation of economical, social and ecological benefit. b. The Principle of Unified Planning and Emphasizing the Major c. The Principle of Pre-arrangement d. The Principle of Preparation for Choosing e. The Principle of Natural continuity f. The Principle of Feasibility 2. Achievements in Marine Functional Zones and Their Application The execution of Functional Dividing began from the year of 1989 with Bohai Bay as the Pilot Zone. After deriving some experience from it the activities of dividing are widely carried out through out the country since March, 1990. This Functional Dividing activity was executed according to "The Outline of State Marine Functional Dividing Activities" and "Brief Regulations on Science and Technology". Marine Functional Dividing is a large scale engineering centralized by relationship of human beings and the sea, it can help us avoid the blindness in our development and management activities, realize scientific decision and management, develop the marine resources more rationally and achieve a overall and coordinating development. |
Programs for Marine Development Marine development programs, especially the intermediate and long-term development program are the Essentials of Integrated Marine Management. The prevailing marine development programs of China include professional programs and regional programs. Professional programs include salt industry development program, communication and transportation program, fishery industry program and tourist development program, etc. "The First Session of Working Meeting for State Marine Development Programs" was held by State Oceanic Administration in May, 1991, and the State Marine Development Programming Panel was established composed of 18 administrative department including State Oceanic Administration, State Planning committee, State Science and Technology Committee as well as Navy's Commanding Department, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and local governments of 12 coastal provinces and cities. The meeting discussed and adopted three documents of "Implementing Plans for the Compilation of State Marine Development Program", "Brief Regulations on Science and Technology" and "Outline for the Compilation", which were appraised by concerned experts. |
United Nations Marine Development Program In June of 1987, State Oceanic Administration determined to jointly execute "Marine and Coastal Joint Program" with local governments. This program motivated a group of scientists in the field of oceanography to work on some pilot zones for the purpose of rational exploration and exploitation of marine resources and giving guidance to the flourishing coastal development activities in China by means of facing economic construction and cooperating with local governments. Thus the marine economy will boost quickly. During the short past five years, the joint program has found out a suitable way of connecting marine economy with concrete productive activities and serving directly for economic construction. 1. Based on technological advance, economic development should be effectively supported. Economic construction is the core as well as the demand on our marine activities. The joint program has helped the local governments conquered some difficulties of shortage of information and technicians, speaking at the strategic angle, it will enhance the improvement of the general level of marine development in our country. 2. Fruitful benefits have been received in economic, social and environmental areas. The joint program adopts the method of proportioned distribution of fund. The total investment is RMB 22,160,000 yuan, of which there are RMB 15,140,000 yuan from the participants and RMB 7,020,000 yuan from State Oceanic Administration( RMB 1,515,000 yuan of free fund and RMB 5,505,000 yuan of non-gratuitous fund). According to the rough statistics by the end of 1991, RMB 24,500,000 yuan of pure benefit has been created and the accumulated value has been up to RMB 357.3 million yuan. 3. Strengthening the Practice of Marine Development and Accelerating Marine Resources Management Joint Program is an attempt on coalition of the Central Government and local governments to enhance the development of marine cause, it has connected the marine activities with economic construction and gone with the stream of reform. It has changed the old closing working style in marine researches and opened a new area for marine activities. |